[ox] Hinweis auf -vielleicht interessanten- Artikel in Sloan Management Review: Innovation by User Communities: Learning From Open-Source Software
- From: Robert Gehring <zoroaster snafu.de>
- Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 13:46:22 +0000
Leider gibt es im Netz nur den Abstract, den ganzen Artikel müßte man
käuflich erwerben ($15+S&H+customs, wenn ich es richtig gesehen habe). Aber
vielleicht interessiert auch der Abstract den einen oder die andere.
Gruß, Robert
###
"Article Abstract: Reprint 4248; Summer 2001, Volume 42, Number 4, pp. 82?86
Purchase This Article
Innovation by User Communities: Learning From Open-Source Software
Eric von Hippel
If the open-source software movement is any harbinger of future trends,
manufacturing companies need to be concerned not only about what they
produce, but also about what their customers might produce without them. What
can a group of loosely organized users accomplish without product developers,
factories and marketing departments? More than most manufacturers would care
to admit, points out von Hippel, who is a professor at the MIT Sloan School
of Management.
One notable example comes from the world of open-source software. Developed
by a pioneering Internet user and freely shared with other Web users, Apache
Web-server software is today used to run some 60% of the world's Web sites,
despite the existence of equivalent commercial products available from
corporate giants such as Microsoft and Netscape. This phenomenon of user
innovation and development communities - aggregations of individuals who
share a common need or desire and exert a collective effort to fulfill it
independently of any commercial enterprise - extends beyond software to more
flamboyant arenas. The author describes how the sport of high-performance
windsurfing, for example, originated with a band of diehard enthusiasts who
sought a way to hang onto their sailboards while airborne. As a result of
their risk taking and creativity, a large percentage of the million-plus
windsurfers aloft today uses boards equipped with user-designed modifications
that accommodate airborne acrobatics.
Of recent interest to von Hippel is how user innovation communities interact
with commercial enterprises - in particular, how a small group of integrated
circuit producers has given customers the means to design highly
individualized circuits that can be fabricated in the manfacturers' plants.
To date, thousands of customers have used these tools to generate billions of
dollars' worth of custom circuits.
When measured by any yardstick of traditional economics, the ability of user
communities to develop and sustain exceedingly complex products without any
manufacturer involvement is remarkable, von Hippel observes. He identifies
the conditions that favor user innovation and explores how circumstances
evolve - sometimes to include commercial manufacturers and sometimes not.
Aided by the Internet to support collaboration and distribution, the power
and pervasiveness of such communities could become enormously amplified.
Eric von Hippel is a professor at MIT Sloan School of Management. Contact him
at evhippel mit.edu."
http://mitsloan.mit.edu/smr/past/2001/smr4248.html
--
Von/From: Dipl.-Inform. Robert Gehring
E-Mail: rag cs.tu-berlin.de
privat: zoroaster snafu.de
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